Student Retention Is A Growing Problem - 1297 Words

Many colleges and universities throughout the United States and several other countries face a common problem. Student retention is a growing problem across the nation for all ethnic groups and all ages. Each individual who chooses to drop out of school has their own personal reasons as to why they do. However, many drops out can be completely avoided. When students drop out they are not clearly thinking about how it’s going to affect their future, the future of their children and even grandchildren. Although there are several reasons as to why students drop out of school, we will be exploring a few as it relates to why student retention is a growing problem. Transitioning into higher education presents challenges for all students, whether it’s their age or previous educational history. Numerous individuals are extremely nervous as they are entering into an advanced environment such as higher education. This because college is a new learning environment at a completely different level. However, freshmen find college to be difficult at first because it’s harder for them to adjust. That’s why many universities should have student centers in place to help students. Student centers give students the pathway for flexible learning as it results in being successful in higher education (BauÃ… ¾ienÄâ€" VosyliÃ… «tÄâ€" 2015). Lin and Tsai (2008) used a quantitative approach to understanding student retention; however, they used their research to understand students’ loyalty. As fast asShow MoreRelatedAnalytics : A Major Aspect Of Higher Education895 Words   |  4 Pagesservice a multitude of students therefore analytics is an essential tool to keep track of the progress of the students as well as the services that they are provided. The boom of community colleges utilizing analytics occurred in 2004 with the Achieve the Dream initiative. Achieving the Dream was created with the attentions of providing resources for students who â€Å"traditionally have faced the most significant barriers to success, including low-income students and students of color† (www.mdrc.org)Read MoreIntroduction. Historically Black Colleges And Universities1300 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) are experiencing low retention rates with first generation college students. The students are not graduating within a four to six year enrollment period, and or are not returning after their freshmen year. As the American workforce looks to colleges and universities to fulfill the workforce pipeline with educated diverse workers, HBCUs are in the spotlight to produce qualified minority graduates. Moreover, HBCU’s are looking to refineRead MoreIzmir National University1188 Words   |  5 Pageswithin recent years. The faculty in the Business school is unable to keep up with the growing demand of students, this has led to confusion, lack of funding and resources and chaos among employees. The newly recruited Dekan has been able to spot these growing problems and has taken the first step in trying to alleviate them by opening the lines of communication and asking for input from employees. Key Problems By opening the lines of communication and reviewing the comments from faculty membersRead MoreOnline Learning And Online Education1115 Words   |  5 Pagesclassroom. Although a large number of American students believe that online learning is a valuable education tool, numerous research studies have shown quite the opposite. Online students have lower communication skills, are able to cheat easier, and have drastically different grade point averages. Thousands of students across the country have taken to going to school online, thinking that they are receiving the same quality of education as a student in a traditional classroom. What they do not knowRead MoreThe Importance of Education685 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Student attrition: Presentation Sometimes, the most important part of life is just showing up. This old clichÃÆ' © is also true about getting an education: once students have been accepted to an institution, they need to show up to their classes, and continue to show up throughout their academic lives at the institution. However, when students drop out of school, they usually do so by the end of their first year. This is true of transfers as well as new freshman. Often, the source of attritionRead MoreThe Year Round Schooling System Essay947 Words   |  4 Pages The traditional school calendar used by most schools in the United States stems from the original agrarian calendar as students were often called to tend to crops in the summer. This was thoughtfully and effectively designed for the time period it was created in; however, schools, research, and society have dramatically changed since then. The agrarian calendar no longer makes sense, as we consider overcrowding in schools and the significant researc h regarding the â€Å"summer brain drain.† ThereRead MoreTeaching A Non Profit Organization Working784 Words   |  4 Pages Students need teachers in order to be successful. According to Alliance of Education over half a million teachers decide to leave teaching profession every year and costing the United States 2.2 billion (Haynes, 2014). New Teacher Center (NTC) a non-profit organization working all over the United States schools to form program that help with teacher effectiveness (Alliance for Education, 2014). The school district’s and states are hit in the pocket, but teacher and students pay the hardestRead MoreChallenges Facing the Accounting Profession Today700 Words   |  3 Pagesimportant of the rules. Finally, this work will address what should be done to address an ethical dilemma and specifically one involving one student observing another accounting student cheating on a test. I. Challenges the Accounting Profession Faces It is reported that organizations face a growing challenge for the recruitment, development and retention of finance professionals due to the rapid changes taking place in the accounting profession according to the Association of Chartered CertifiedRead MoreIdentifying Strategies to Improve African American College Student Retention and Graduation Rates1690 Words   |  7 PagesMinorities are a growing segment of the population. However, this group continues to be underrepresented in the area of post secondary education. Obtaining an advanced degree remains a likely predictor of future career success. The problem facing the minority student is that barriers persist which continue to hinder enrollment, retention, and graduation rates in institutions of higher education. These barriers must be identified and examined and solutions offered if college completion rates are toRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1573 Words   |  7 PagesEd Stetzer, president of Lifeway Resear ch, writes, â€Å"If your student ministry is a four-year holding tank with pizza, don’t expect young adults to stick around.† Dr. Stetzer is referring to the current epidemic seen in America involving the church. American churches, and churches around the world, are experiencing a decrease in their attendance. At the current rate, less than ten percent of Americans will attend church, by the year 2050. The largest age group of those leaving the church is Generation

The American Education System Education - 1438 Words

American Education System Education plays important role in society. It determines the final development of an adult’s personality. In today’s society most jobs require a University degree. To receive a University degree students need to rely on a good education system. Does America provide this? The American education system has relied on the grade point average system for a long time. The problem with this is there is not a universal GPA grade point system varying from course to course. This creates an inaccurate way to determine ones overall achievements. Teachers have different standards than others, grade inflation can occur and students can be exposed to different learning environments. Does the education system need to change to create fairness? The American education system has not changed drastically since the 1900s. In the early 1900’s before grading, teachers were expected to communicate in depth to their students on how they were doing in the class. This worked well for small groups and individual tutoring. The ability for this information to be passed on to those who were not involved with the learning process, such as employers and parents was limited. By the mid 20th century schools changed drastically as they introduced grades in the form of letters. The American schools now became more standardized as A, B, C, D and F represented ones grade. Depending what percentage a student received determined letter they got. An example is an A is a mark of 90-100%Show MoreRelatedAmerican Education System Of Education852 Words   |  4 Pagesdifficult to understand the American system of education and the how to cope with American students. To make foreign students understand and able to cope with the American higher e ducation system, the author explains some assumption that is behind the education system. He noted that American higher education system has a connection with both the mechanical feature and the cultural beliefs, but not intellectual only as it is in many countries. People lacking knowledge of American culture may find it difficultRead MoreThe American Education System1303 Words   |  6 PagesThe American education system is set up to create a clear division between the social classes. The quality of the education that children receive depends on whether they attend an elite school or urban schools. Elite schools are located in upper class neighborhoods. Students who attend elite schools receive high quality education. Demographically, the majority of students who attend elite schools are Caucasian. This does not necessarily have much to do with the skill level of the students who applyRead MoreThe For The American Education System1599 Words   |  7 Pagesis a student in the fa ll semester in Tyler Junior college. She is from India and still very new to the American Education System. English is not her first language, but she is extremely grateful going to college in America and having her childhood dream come true. After all, her green card is still in process and she is unable to get a job or get any kind of funds to help her with her education. She has to pay for all her expenses out of her pocket, which is very difficult, given her current financialRead MoreImpact Of Education On The American Education System1671 Words   |  7 PagesEducation has overtime developed from an institution that lacked what was necessary to properly education men, women and children, to what is now a fairly decent system that prepares people from all across the world. For minorities, or underrepresented ethnic groups in America this is a different case. My focused are of research pertains to the history of education and how policies and the quality of it has transformed. While we have grown over the decades to provide education for all groups of peopleRead MoreThe American Education System930 Words   |  4 PagesAcceptance among teacher has been a key factor in successful or unsuccessful technology implementation. Historically, the structure of the American education system has been resistant to any kind of change (Collins Halverson, 2009). According to Blackwell, Lauricella, and Wartella (2014) teachers with more teaching experience have less favorable attitudes towards technology and use technology less often than teachers with less experience. Districts are making efforts to provide technology forRead MoreThe American Education System1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe American education system, as we know it, has failed us, and more of our youth are becoming incarcerated at young ages. The educational system has taken a backseat when it comes to funding prisons; youths have chosen to live a life of crime, as education has become less substantial than money and resources allocated to prisons. Although television shows such as Lock Up or Lock Down expose the harsh realities of the wars that are ongoing in prison, the war on education has taken a substantialRead MoreThe American education system2584 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿The American education system requires that students complete 12 years of primary and secondary education prior to attending university or college.   Although admission policies vary from one university to the next, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a student s high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT or ACT exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview. University studentsRead MoreThe American Education System1119 Words   |  4 PagesThe school calendar varies a little from state to state; but American grade school students are guaranteed 180 days no more, no less. Colleges and universities can operate on their own schedules. The list of holidays that students and their teachers enjoy range from Thanksgiving to Spring Break. In some locations, school holidays account for demographic diversity. For example, many school districts mandate holidays for Yom Kippur. Recently, Eid al-Fitr (the feast day at the end of Ramadan) was addedRead MoreChinese Education System and the American Education System Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesENG Chinese education system and the American education system The differences between the Chinese education and the American education are more obvious in people’s mind, not only to the international students, but also to the native students and some people who study on this. As more and more Chinese students come to America to have better education, we should think about why the American education system is better and how could we change our system to have a new education system in China. TheseRead MoreAmerican Education Reform Paper : The Education System1232 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Education Reform Paper In the past, the learning system was non complex. Students invariably learned in classrooms. They would learn from and be educated by their teacher and grasped other facts from textbooks. The teachers would ask them questions and students would answer them to display they understood. Other information about other parts of the world, they learned from books. Throughout the years, the learning system changed. Issues or flaws in the system were addressed and improved

Marketing Principles Demographics Segmentation

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Principlesfor Demographics Segmentation. Answer: Analysis of Segmentation Variables In order to approach to the target customer appropriately, the management of Hamilton sunscreen group needs to use segmentation marketing strategy. There are five types of market segmentation variables such as demographics, psychographics, geographic, usage- rate and benefit segmentation (Kumar 2015). These five types of segmentation variables can be applied for this sunscreen product so that it can be offered to a huge range of Australian population. Demographics Segmentation The demographic segmentation is done by the business organizations based on the demography or the individual qualities of the inhabitants of a locality. Summer has been the prime season in Australia, therefore, the inhabitants also need to protect their skins from the harmful ultra-violate rays of the sun (Grnroos and Gummerus 2014). As this company offers various sunscreen lotions in accordance with the skin types, it can rightfully segment their consumers in different categories based on their skin types. Psychographics Segmentation Psychographics segmentation refers to the strategy to differentiate target customers as per their common interest and community activities. Hamilton sunscreen product can effectively approach to the Australian consumers with their assurance to soothe the sunburn skins (Moriarty et al. 2014). Geographic Segmentation Geographic marketing segmentation suggests to the geographic divisions. Hamilton sunscreen products have the potential to approach to almost every state of Australia. Usage-Rate Segmentation In order to do usage rate segmentation for Hamilton sunscreen products, the management needs to identify the heavy, light and non-users of their product so that they can make suitable promotional strategy for their heavy consumers (Kubacki et al. 2015). Benefit Segmentation Benefit segmentation is done by providing the consumers enough beneficial reasons to buy a product. As this sunscreen product sooths the sunburn skin along with moisturizing it, it can easily do this benefit segmentation among Australian consumers based on their skin type (Challagalla, Murtha and Jaworski 2014). Analysis of Targeting Strategy Among the four specific targeting strategies such as undifferentiated marketing, concentrated marketing, differentiated marketing and customized marketing, Hamilton Sunscreen Company can utilize differentiated marketing. This type of marketing strategy allows the organizations to develop suitable marketing mix for their multi-segmented consumers. In such cases, the organizations aim to approach all or some of their segmented market (Moriarty et al. 2014). In the case of Hamilton Sunscreen Company, it aims to approach to all their segmented consumers, so that they can increase their sales rate by increasing their popularity among Australian people (Pike, 2015). Therefore, they need to develop five different marketing mixes so that they can effectively approach to their five segmented consumers. In such case, separate brands also need to be developed for their each selected segmented market. This targeting strategy seems to enable this organization to increase their sales along with the profit rate, manufacturing costs of the products and also the helps to increase the market share (Challagalla, Murtha and Jaworski 2014). However, for this reason, this organization needs to increase their productivity; marketing costs and also needs to improve their innovative strategies for the product, promotional strategies and marketing research. As this strategy requires, a huge hike in the productivity, this organization needs to increase their production costs (Kumar 2015). Before using this targeting strategy, they also need to calculate their gross profit and loss amount if they use it for the marketing of their product. In this way, they can ensure a hike in their profit and sales rate by reducing the chances of any financial loss in near future. Analysis of Positional Bases From the viewpoint of Pike (2015), positioning of a product in the business market bases depends upon the certain factors such as price and quality of the product, attribute, product user, application, class of the product and competitor. In order to hold a prominent market position, Hamilton Sunscreen Company needs to maintain the quality of their product along with controlling the price. In this way, they can acquire maximum consumers (Moriarty et al. 2014). This factor will automatically come under the attribute. Figure 1: Positioning bases (Source: Challagalla, Murtha and Jaworski 2014) This organization needs to ensure that their product has a smooth application procedure by evaluating the feedbacks of their consumers. On the other hand, by evaluating the user rate of their product, this organization can identify the class of their product in the cosmetic market of Australia (Challagalla, Murtha and Jaworski 2014). In order to understand the user rate, this organization needs to conduct a market survey with which they can successfully identify their market positioning. This understanding will help them to determine their required marketing strategy with which they can earn more profit rate (Kumar 2015). On the contrary, by benchmarking the sales arte of their competitors, Hamilton Sunscreen Company can understand their current market position. For example, it faces tough competition from LaRoche-Posay which offers SPF 60 with oil-free and dry touch sunscreen feature. Therefore, if this organization improves their product by following the special attributes of other organizations, it will be able to approach the consumers in a better way (Kubacki et al. 2015). Reference List Challagalla, G., Murtha, B.R. and Jaworski, B., 2014. Marketing doctrine: a principles-based approach to guiding marketing decision making in firms.Journal of Marketing,78(4), pp.4-20 Grnroos, C. and Gummerus, J., 2014. The service revolution and its marketing implications: service logic vs service-dominant logic.Managing service quality,24(3), pp.206-229 Kubacki, K., Rundle-Thiele, S., Lahtinen, V. and Parkinson, J., 2015. A systematic review assessing the extent of social marketing principle use in interventions targeting children (2000-2014).Young Consumers,16(2), pp.141-158 Kumar, V., 2015. Evolution of marketing as a discipline: What has happened and what to look out for.Journal of Marketing,79(1), pp.1-9 Moriarty, S., Mitchell, N.D., Wells, W.D., Crawford, R., Brennan, L. and Spence-Stone, R., 2014.Advertising: Principles and practice. Pearson Australia Pike, S., 2015.Destination marketing. Routledge

Waiting For Godot By Beckett Essays - Theatre Of The Absurd

Waiting For Godot By Beckett Authors use different techniques in their wittings. Samuel Beckett uses allusions and references to characters to help the reader understand what the characters represent. In his drama Waiting for Godot, Beckett's two main characters, Estragon and Vladimir, are symbolized as man. Separate they are two different sides of man, but together they represent man as a whole. In Waiting for Godot, Beckett uses Estragon and Vladimir to symbolize man's physical and mental state. Estragon represents the physical side of man, while Vladimir represents the intellectual side of man. In each way these two look for answers shows their side of man. Estragon has his shoes. Vladimir has his hat. When Estragon takes off his shoes ?he peers inside it, feels about inside it, turns it upside sown, shakes it...?1. Through this action it is relevant that Estragon is searching for something from his boot, but unable to recognize it. This symbolizes man's side of using physical ability to answer questions. Vladimir on the other hand continues to look into his hat. Vladirmir constantly ?Takes off his hat, peers inside it, feels about inside it, shakes it, puts it on again?2. Through this action Vladimir is shown to be searching for answers in his hat, which symbolizes his using knowledge and his intellectual capability for solving problems. Both Estragon and Vladimir are searching for what the reader assumes to be the key to life's problems. When they continue to do this throughout the drama, it expresses the fact that they are searching and will continue to search until they find what they are looking for. Vladimir is more practical, and Estragon is more of a romantic. In the drama, Estragon wants to talk about his dreams. Vladimir doesn't want to. He can not stand to hear about the dreams that Estragon has. When Estragon wakes up from falling asleep he says ?I had a dream?. Vladimir answers with ?Don't tell me?3. Another example is that Estragon often forgets events as soon as they happen or within a day, while Vladimir, on the other hand, remember past events4. This is shown when Pozzo and Lucky enter into the scene in the second act. Estragon and Vladimir see two men coming. Vladimir recognizes it as Pozzo, from the day before, but Estragon does not recognize him. The conversation starts with Vladimir: Poor Pozzo I knew it was him Who? Godot. But it's not Godot. It's not Godot? It's not Godot. Then who is it? It's Pozzo5. This exchange in dialog shows that Estragon does not recognize Pozzo, and Vladimir has to tell Estragon who it is. The two of them are dependent on each other. Estragon is beaten every night by mysterious men. Vladimir acts as his protector. He sings to him, helps him take off his boots, and covers him with his jacket6. Every night they part, yet they find each other every morning and start another day of waiting. In each act, Estragon and Vladimir talk about hanging themselves form the tree. During this exchange of words, Estragon suggest that they hang themselves from a near by tree. Vladimir is the one who is particle and explains why they can't hang themselves. The physical side and the intellectual side is shown through Estragon's and Vladimir's actions, as well as their words. They have a friend ship that is bonded by their differences. Without one another they would be lost, just like without the intellectual side of man, the physical side would be lost, and visa versa. Bibliography 1 Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot (New York: Grove Press, Inc., 1954) 8 left. 2 Beckett 8 left. 3 Beckett 11 left. 4 Martin Esslin, ?The Search for the Self,? Modern Critical Interpretations Waiting for Godot, ed. Harold Bloom (New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987) 29. 5 Beckett 50 right. 6 Esslin 29 Bibliography Beckett, Samuel. Waiting for Godot. New York: Grove Press, Inc., 1954. Esslin, Martin ?The Search for the Self.? Modern Critical Interpretations Waiting for Godot. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 1987.

Competitive Advantage Strategies Essays

Competitive Advantage Strategies Essays Competitive Advantage Strategies Essay Competitive Advantage Strategies Essay Differentiation relates to uniqueness of product characteristics, which identify consumers hard-to-articulate or latent needs and wants. Mandom strives to differentiate itself from competitors in such a way that when consumers use Gatsby products, they experience a sense of novelty and comfort that has been never found on other brands. To this end, scientists in RD department constantly research into consumers felt senses of novelty and comfort by looking at product functionality, effectiveness, usability, stability and safety, together with utilization of latest technologies and ingredients. The company puts RD as primary investment object. At present, it has buildings used specifically for RD purpose. The department also carries out research management to secure intellectual property by registration of proprietary patents. This maintains Mandoms technological dominance and helps it to excel in competition. As a result of extensive RD effort, Mandom has developed a board product line and unique features for consumers. For the brand Gatsby, the company has categories like hair styling, hair coloring, hair care. Under hair styling, it also has hair mist, hair wax, hair clay, hair foam, hair gel and so on. Even under hair wax, it has three different series. The hair wax has many unique features, such as ability to restyle many times, Smooth Polymer that produces less sticky and light finish and different shining or styling powers of hair wax for consumers to choose accordingly. Mandom maximizes lifestyle value through high-quality products at reasonable prices for the greatest number of consumers worldwide. It has developed mass production process to cut cost. At production sites, workers and technicians work together to continuously improve and standardize the technological capabilities to achieve maximal production efficiency. Besides, It built three out of its four plants in Indonesia and China for a purpose of lowering labor cost. Also, Mandom takes design and quality control initiatives to ensure that each product that consumer has bought in is exactly of the same quality as the one produced at research phase. The company wants to balance product prices to increase consumers perception of value and meanwhile, ensures quality and offers high-value products to delight consumers. For example, Mandom designs refill packs for many product kinds of Gatsby. Therefore, customers save money if they wish to continue using the original product and will appreciate the value of Gatsby products. For Mandom, prompt response to market is the key to business success. Since Mandoms core products life cycle is short, the success or failure of new products is a major factor underlying the success. Thus, it pursues the product development driven by a cyclic process of research, design, and verification to continuously give concrete form to meet consumer wants and needs. In addition, the company regularly holds cross-functional meeting to discuss consumer latent wants and generate new product ideas. It can always carry out brand renewal at the end of product life cycle. In product development, it responds to customer wants or needs wherever they exist. Even if this involves a product category where Mandom has no previous development experience, it will rise to the challenge to research, develop and sell a product to add diversity to the range of categories. Mandom has developed an efficient supply network in which it balances the consumer preferences and supply in each country by leveraging the distinctive characteristics and production mix of its 3 production sites. Then, the companys subsidiary in each region receives a supply of products from the nearest production site and distributes to outlets such as cosmetic shop, supermarket, pharmacy in shortest time. The supply network is supported by in-store promotions to enhance the visibility of Mandom products so that consumers will notice the latest Mandom offerings immediately.

7 Steps to a Successful MIT Application

7 Steps to a Successful MIT Application SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In 2018, MIT admitted only 6.7% of students who applied to the school. With such a low admissions rate, it may seem like getting accepted is close to impossible, but we’re here to help! In this guide, we’ll explain everything you need to know to complete the MIT application, including when every important MIT application deadline is, what exactly you need to submit with your application, what admissions officers are really looking for when they review your application, and how you can make each part of your MIT application stand out from the pack. Key Info for the MIT Application You should know all the important information about the MIT application well before you plan on applying to make sure you gather all your materials and meet all the deadlines. Where to find the MIT application: You can find the MIT application here. The application opens in August of each year. How to submit the MIT application: When you’ve completed the MIT application, you can submit it by hitting the â€Å"Submit† button at the end of the application. SAT and/or ACT scores, as well as your official transcript, must be sent directly to MIT. When to submit the MIT application:It's very important to know the MIT application deadline. MIT offers both early action and regular action application submissions. Below is a chart of the key deadlines for each option. It’s important to know every deadline since missing just one could mean your application won’t be looked at. Early Action Deadline What's Due November 1 Application parts 1 and 2Two letters of recommendation Secondary school report November testing date Standardized Test Scores February 15 February Updates Notes Form February 15 Financial Aid Materials (optional) Regular Action Deadline What's Due January 1 Application parts 1 and 2Two letters of recommendationSecondary school report December testing date Standardized Test Scores February 15 February Updates Notes Form February 15 Financial Aid Materials (optional) If you’re applying early action, you’ll need to have both parts of the application completed, and your transcript and letters of recommendation sent, by November 1st. You can still take the SAT, ACT, and/or SAT Subject tests in November, however. You’ll receive your admission decision in mid-December. For students applying regular action, you’ll need to have all parts of the application completed/sent by January 1st, and you can take your standardized tests no later than December. You’ll receive your admission decision in mid-March. Should You Apply Early Action or Regular Action? There are two options for applying to MIT, early action and regular action. Is one better than the other?If you apply early action, you do have a slightly better chance of getting accepted. According to MIT’s admission statistics, if you apply early action, you do have a slightly better chance of getting accepted than if you apply regular action. However, MIT specifically states this about its early action cycle: "There is no positive or negative prejudice associated with or conferred by applying during either cycle. We do not have a preference, and there is no strategic benefit to be had. We have two cycles for two reasons: 1) it helps us spread our work out over a longer period, devoting more time to each application and 2) it provides applicants with more options so they can choose which works best for them." Additionally, the majority (about 66%) of students who apply early action end up getting deferred and considered in the regular action applicant pool. So an early decision is by no means guaranteed if you apply early action. Bottom line? Apply early action if you can get all the materials in before the deadline, but don’t stress too much about it if you can’t since it likely won’t impact your chance of getting admitted. How to Apply to MIT There are six main steps you need to follow to submit your MIT application. Below are the steps, numbered in the rough order you should complete them in. Step 1: Create a MyMIT Account and Start Your Application The first step to applying to MIT is simple; you just need to create a MyMIT account.Creating an account only takes a few minutes, and once you do this you’ll be able to complete an application, track the pieces of the application you’ve submitted, join the MIT mailing list, and get your interviewer’s name and contact information. To create an account you’ll have to fill out some basic demographic information such as your birthdate, high school name, and home address. Step 2: Complete Parts 1 and 2 of the Application This is the bulk of the MIT application. Part 1 focuses on biographical information, and Part 2 focuses on your essays, activities, and test scores.Part 1 is the shorter section and should only take you about 30 minutes to complete. You’ll fill out information about whether you're applying early action or regular action, what your parents’ jobs and highest level of education are, if you have siblings and where they attend college (if applicable), and all the high schools you attended, among other information.After you submit Part 1, you’ll pay the $75 MIT application fee. Part 2 is more in depth. You’ll enter information about all the extracurriculars and jobs you’ve participated in, advanced classes you’ve taken, awards you’ve won, and your exam scores (although you’ll still have to send official copies of these scores). You’ll also self-report all the classes you’ve taken and the grades you got in them although, again, you’ll still need to submit your official transcript.This is also the section where you enter the information about the two teachers who are writing evaluations for you (see Step 5 for more info) and submit any supplemental materials (see Step 6 for more info). Finally, you’ll complete the MIT’s personal statements. Unlike many other schools, MIT doesn’t require one long essay; instead, you’ll answer five short prompts. Here are the essay prompts, along with the word count requirement: We know you lead a busy life, full of activities, many of which are required of you. Tell us about something you do for the pleasure of it. (100 words or fewer) Although you may not yet know what you want to major in, which department or program at MIT appeals to you and why? (100 words or fewer) At MIT, we bring people together to better the lives of others. MIT students work to improve their communities in different ways, from tackling the world's biggest challenges to being a good friend. Describe one way in which you have contributed to your community, whether in your family, the classroom, your neighborhood, etc. (200-250 words) Describe the world you come from; for example, your family, clubs, school, community, city, or town. How has that world shaped your dreams and aspirations? (200-250 words) Tell us about the most significant challenge you've faced or something important that didn't go according to plan. How did you manage the situation? (200-250 words) After you’ve finished each of these sections and reviewed them, you can submit them. Part 1 must be submitted before Part 2. Step 3: Submit Your Secondary School Report and Standardized Test Scores You’ll need to send your official high school transcript to MIT.MIT also requires three test scores. You must take either the SAT or ACT (the writing section/essay isn’t required for either exam) as well as two SAT Subject Tests. One subject test must be a math test (either Math Level 1 or Math Level 2), and the second subject test must be a science test (either Biology, Chemistry, or Physics). Step 4: Ask Two Teachers to Fill Out Your Evaluations You’ll need two letters of recommendation for MIT, one from a math/science teacher and one from a humanities/language teacher.On your MyMIT Dashboard, you’ll fill out each of your recommender’s names and email addresses so the form can be sent to them.Your recommendations are due the same day as the rest of your application. Step 5: Set Up and Complete an Interview Interviews are not technically required, but MIT highly recommends them and admits very few applicants who didn’t interview, so you’ll want to do one if it’s at all possible.Once you complete Parts 1 and 2 of the application, you’ll be contacted by an Educational Counselor (EC), who will be the person doing your interview. The EC is an alum of MIT who conducts interviews, and there are over 5,000 of them around the world. You and your EC will set up an interview at a place near you. Most early action interviews take place in November, and most regular action interviews take place in January. The interview typically lasts an hour and often take place in a location such as a coffee shop, restaurant, or library. Some may also take place over Skype. MIT recommends thinking about questions you might be asked before the interview, and here are 14 of the most common college interview questions. Step 6: (Optional) Submit Supplementary Materials You also have the option to submit supplementary materials, this is a completely optional step and is typically done by students with a fine arts portfolio, those with research experience, and/or those who hope to play a varsity sport for MIT. There are six different supplemental materials you can send, and most (all except the varsity sports interest form) come with an additional fee of $5-$10. You can find more information about each of these options on your MyMIT Dashboard. If you choose to complete any of these materials, you’ll submit them separate from the rest of your application. Here are the options for supplementary materials: Maker Portfolio Music Theater Arts Portfolio Research Portfolio Supplemental Recommendations Varsity Sports Interest Varsity Sports Interest Step 7: Submit Your February Updates and Notes Form If you applied Early Action and were accepted or applied Regular Action (you won’t have your admission decision yet), you’ll also need to submit your February Updates and Notes form by February 15th. You’ll be emailed information about this form which will mostly consist of letting MIT know what your fall semester grades were and what classes you’re taking for your spring semester. MIT Application Checklist Below is everything you need to submit with your MIT application. You can use this application checklist to stay organized and make sure you've submitted all the required materials. Parts 1 and 2 of the MIT Application Evaluation A: Letter of recommendation from a math or science teacher Evaluation B: Letter of recommendation from a humanities, social science, or language teacher Scheduled Interview SAT or ACT scores Two SAT Subject Test scores (one from each of MIT’s two categories) February Updates Notes Form (due in February) $75 MIT application fee How to Do Well on Key Sections of the MIT Application How can you have a stellar MIT application? Because MIT is so competitive, your application will need to be strong in all the key areas MIT evaluates. MIT is looking primarily for academic excellence, leadership experience, passion for learning and your future major, and sociability. There are numerous ways you can show you have these qualities on your MIT application. In this section we go over the five most essential parts of your application and explain exactly what you need in order to stand out and show MIT you have what it takes to succeed there. #1: High School Transcript Your high school transcript is often the single most important piece of your application, so you want it to shine. Your goal here is to show admissions officers that you took difficult classes and got top grades in them, particularly the math and science classes. MIT has rigorous classes, and they’re looking for applicants who have already challenged themselves by taking advanced classes in high school. If your school offers honors, AP, and/or IB classes, you should aim to take at least some of these advanced classes, especially those in the field you plan to major in. If your school doesn’t offer these classes MIT also has suggestions for alternative ways to challenge yourself. MIThas no requirements for classes you had to have taken in high school but it recommends the following: One year of physics One year of chemistry One year of biology Math, through calculus Two years of a foreign language Four years of English Two years of history and/or social sciences Remember, this is the minimum MIT recommends; you’ll likely have to go above and beyond in some areas to be a competitive applicant. Most applicants will have taken at least four years each of math and science, including multiple advanced classes. Your GPA is also a crucial part of your MIT application since taking difficult classes but doing poorly in them doesn’t show that you’re prepared for the rigor of MIT. The average weighted GPA of MIT admitted students is about 4.13, which means you should aim to get as many A’s as possible in your classes. #2: Standardized Test Scores MIT doesn’t have a minimum score requirement for the SAT/ACT, but because admission is so competitive, you should aim for a high standardized test score.Your goal should be to reach the 75th percentile score for admitted MIT students. Meeting this score for either the SAT or ACT means you will have scored higher than 75% of other admitted students, which puts you in a strong position during the admissions process. For the SAT, a 75th percentile score is an 800 in Math and a 770 in Evidence-Based Reading and Writing. For the ACT, it’s a composite score of 35.You can get scores lower than this and still get accepted to MIT, but these are solid goal scores to try to aim for. For your two SAT Subject Tests, you should aim for at least a 750 in both exams. It doesn’t matter which science subject test you take (although if there’s one that’s close to your intended major, try to take that one), but you should try to take Math Level 2 for the math requirement if at all possible since a high score on this exam is more impressive than a high score on Math Level 1. #3: Letters of Recommendation You’ll need two letters of recommendation for MIT, and they should both come from teachers who know you well and can write convincingly about your strengths. A strong letter of rec will include specific examples of your academic abilities and personal skills; it will also explain why you’re an excellent applicant for MIT. Speak to the people you’d like to write your letters fairly early, ideally at the end of your junior year or beginning of your senior year.Check out our guide on letters of recfor more information on who to ask to write your letter of recommendation and a step-by-step guide on how to ask. #4: MIT Essays For MIT, you’ll need to write five short essays, each less than 250 words. MIT requires multiple short essays to get a more complete view of who you are, so make sure you show your personality and what you care about. There are three main goals for your MIT essays: Show who you are Show what’s important to you Show why MIT is the best school for you For tips and strategies on how to answer every one of the MIT essay prompts, check out our in-depth guide to answering the MIT essays. #5: Extracurriculars Your extracurriculars are also a key part of your MIT application. The best way to stand out with your extracurriculars is to emphasize your passion and leadership skills. You can do this by pursuing extracurriculars in a field related to your future major, sticking with them, and achieving leadership roles in them.Learn more about the types of extracurriculars you'll need to get into top-tier schools. It’s also important to note that you should choose your extracurriculars based on what you’re interested in and passionate about, not what you think will impress MIT. On their website, MIT specifically counsels against this, as they’d rather have students doing what they love than those spending their time on things they don’t care about just to try and look impressive. Recap: MIT Application Because MIT only accepts less than 7% of applicants, your application needs to stand out if you want a chance of getting in.Before you do anything else, make sure you know that MIT application deadlines. They differ depending on whether you’re applying Early Action or Regular Action. Give yourself enough time to complete all parts of the application, which will include entering in all your grades and classes, completing five MIT essay prompts, and entering in your test scores.Don’t forget to send in additional materials such as your transcript, official test scores, and letters of recommendation. MIT also highly recommends doing an interview. To give yourself the best chance of getting admitted, you want your MIT application to b strong across the board. The five most important parts of your application are your: transcript, standardized test scores, letters of recommendation, essays, and extracurriculars. What's Next? Want to see what an MIT acceptance letter look like? Take a look at an actual MIT acceptance letter and learn tips for getting in. Essays are an important part of the MIT application.Learn how to write stellar MIT essays by checking out our guide to the four tips you need to know when writing MIT essays. Want to know how to make your extracurriculars stand out even more? Check out this guide to four amazing extracurricular activities and learn why they're so impressive to colleges. Want to get into MIT or your personal top choice college? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

Virtual Learning Environments Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Virtual Learning Environments - Research Paper Example These learning tools are taken into consideration primarily because they fulfill the standards for a Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) by virtue of their usability and functionality. However, the evaluation of these learning tools is quite different in their methodologies. Evaluation can be done by considering several key components including the easiness of utilization, extensibility, distribution, maintainability, interactivity, functionality such as E-tutoring, security issues, service management, ease of interface and simplicity of accessibility features and the extent of using such tools in Higher Education. The application server of Blackboard works on Windows and Unix platforms in association with a cross-platform browser support for Windows, Macintosh and Unix settings. One of the most important features, which I have noticed while using this learning tool is that, is of course to include the support for IMS. While considering the flexibility system, the provision of contribution by Blackboard application as a learning tool is quite up to the mark especially with its easy-to-use interface. Conversely, the interface may attribute to some debatable aspects considering its applicability in practice as I find it beneficial with a steady and dependable interface while some consider it as a restriction or constraint and having limited option to interact as such. However, the Blackboard learning tool has a significant implication in the segment of Higher Education with high-end and highly-developed components like training materials and workshop templates such as Netskills. The learning tool Desire2Learn is considered as having the potential to be used as a course-delivery device in the regime of Higher Education. An evaluation was conducted to assess the potentiality in relation to increasing popularity and use. A user of Desire2Learn does not require downloading any application; rather the company's server consists of all the required software in order to support their LMS platform with an exception of JAVA as it is used under the license. This product environment provides to create conferences for the members within a class-setting or its sub-groups. It also supports basic chat function in association with HTML based chat tool. When conferences are prepared in order to proclaim an individual course, new conferences can easily be accommodated for consecutive declarations of the course. A user has the privilege to edit or modify a thread and can control the access option for a user or user group at different levels. The threaded messages can be seen in clear and user may perform search option and may be able to find out results sorted by date, topic, and sender. There are other significant features too e.g., incorporate saving, printing, editing and deleting of postings. D2L uses a 'learning storage' approach that let the users to store objects like pages, graphics and test-item banks, etc., and it is XML standard-based. These objects can be shared across several courses or programs. A context-sensitive help aspect endows with help on each one of the most important tools. The product is in accordance with the most important standards of course-sharing globally that is counting SCORM and IMS, and assembles global standards for the right to use.

Assigment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assigment 3 - Essay Example I was unsure why I was doing the same but during the course of the day; I started to realize so many negativities that were in his personality. I had never envisioned Rick to be that bad but that day made me think of very negative things about him. I saw that he was not only mean but also very authoritative in his actions and undertakings, and that he would things as feels like. I was against such a personality in my mind but I never realized until that day that he was a bad person to be friends with. In short, I had come across so much about him in my mind that day that I could not even gather the same in the years passed by. It was an eye-opener for me. In the evening, we two met at the basketball court but did not talk to each other. Our combined friends were astonished as to what exactly was going on between the two of us. This was a very unusual experience for me since I could not have envisioned something that would keep me at a distance from Rick for one entire day. It was a heartbreaking thing yet I was more than happy to be away from him. We had not talked to each other the whole day and my animosity for him was growing with each passing minute. I was literally cursing him for the bad things that existed within his personality. At about 10 o’ clock in the night, I bumped into Rick at the store. He was getting his usual dose of cola drinks and I was there to get some medicines for my family. We still did not talk to each other, let alone did not even bother to have a second gaze. Suddenly the salesman asked me to wait for Rick to stop shopping so that we could pay together. I was amazed and so was Rick that nearly everyone around us knew so much about our friendship that they took us as ‘one’ and not two separate individuals. Suddenly something happened and it made me go and hu g him instantly. It was one of those feelings that one has very little control about.

Different Ethnic Groups Essay Example for Free

Different Ethnic Groups Essay Females are now able to achieve more in the education system. This is due to the pattern of achievement. Since the early 90s females have been achieving higher and high and have clearly overtaken males. In 2003/4 the females had taken over males by 20% in achieving 5 or more A*-C GCSE grades. This astronomical gender gap is now causing some sociologists to be concerned in male underachievement in the education system. However, being publicised by the media, males are not underachieving; they are not improving as quickly as females. Sociologists such as Sue Sharpe and Weiner, Arnot and David look at the reasons for the females success. Whereas sociologists, like Paul Willis and Mitsos and Browne suggest reasons for male underachievement. Sue Sharpes study discovered that in the 1970s girls had low expectations and were more likely to become a housewife and mother. They only saw jobs as a means of getting money before they married. When she when she revisited girls in the 1990s, they had higher expectation and saw jobs as careers. Weiner, Arnot and David are cynical about the underachievement of boys. They feel that the concern about the boys underachievement is a reaction against the progress of women. They say that girls are succeeding because of the National Curriculum at GCSE level, but at A-level the subjects are still gendered. Meaning that not many females pick certain subjects therefore limiting the subjects that can do.

Comparing three b2b or b2c web strategies :: essays research papers

I. Introduction The worldwide network of computers, called "Internet", provides opportunities for a company to do business in cyberspace. Organisations find it more and more important to represent them on the Internet to get more customers, to increase the public's awareness of the companies and their products, and to sell more of their products. However, corporate leaders are finding it difficult to keep up with fast-moving markets and the customer conditions that are the hallmark of the Internet. There are numerous and widely varying predictions of the potential of doing business via the Internet, including the increasing numbers of people with Internet access, of corporate Web sites, of Web spending by advertisers, and of total online shopping. Yet, confusion abounds concerning exactly what is happening, how much potential there really is, and what businesses should be doing to take advantage of it. The very nature of commerce on the Net can be baffling, even to the experienced marketer . Both businesses and consumers perceive many obstacles to successful online commerce. In order to successfully cultivate online market share, companies are compelled to design marketing strategies specifically for the information highway. I.A. Popularity of the Internet From its comparatively humble beginnings in the 1960s as a means for protecting US mainframe computer systems in the Cold War, to a 1970s link for scientists and academics to share data and research, the Internet has blossomed in the 1990s into the information age's curious marriage of the personal computer and citizens' band radio (Hof and Verity, 1994), instantaneously linking a user with the whole electronic world and providing the means to interact with that world. This explosive growth of the Internet, including commercial networks and services, has been accompanied by an astounding increase in the population of Internet users. The huge potential of customers and consumers has businesses scrambling to get on to the Web, with its low cost and broad reach. Millions of people worldwide can utilize the Web's affordable and easy access to view product, service and information offerings from an unknown number of potential entrepreneurs. (Chaffey et. al., 2003) Estimates say that the business side of the Internet is small today, but with untold billions in potential sales looming ahead. The prospect of millions of bright, well-educated, upwardly mobile people searching for some new outlet in which to spend their money has been too attractive for many businesses to ignore, in spite of slow initial momentum (Johnson, 1995).

Character Building †Forgiveness Essay

Forgiveness; it’s not something people often think about. It’s also not something highly publicized. However, it is hugely important. Forgiving others and being forgiven, impacts our whole lives. Forgiveness can impact your health, your happiness, your relationships, and more. Forgiveness is something all parents need to be sure to take the time to teach their children. Parents are the first line of defense when it comes to children. They may not always listen or grow up remembering and abiding by the morals and ethics you tried to teach them, but a lot of the time they do. I define forgiveness as the letting go of anger, hurt, and hate towards a person (or people) who has wronged or harmed you physically, mentally, or emotionally. Refusing to forgive someone has several repercussions. To begin with, withholding forgiveness can actually harm you physically. By refusing to forgive someone, you are not allowing yourself to heal and move on. In response, you body turns that anger and resentment into stress, high blood pressure, lower immunity, anxiety, and even depression (Mayo Clinic staff, 2011). That same anger can also make you bitter. You will begin to be angry with everyone, you won’t be able to enjoy the present, you life could begin to lack meaning and purpose, make you at odds with your spiritual beliefs, and cause you to lose your connection with others (Mayo Clinic staff, 2011). You have to be careful with your anger so you don’t hurt others around you. You could be threatening your relationships with those you love. If you’re acting like a jerk to those around you, relational interdependence could decrease due to the way you treat them. Also, due to social exchange, they may treat you the way you are treating them. Creating more hate and hurt for you and just making your already bad situation worse. Not forgiving also makes you just as bad as the person who hurt you. The longer you hold onto your anger, the more you will desire revenge. Revenge makes you your worst self and puts you on the same level as that person you hate (Orloff, 2011). This could also be referred to as cognitive dissonance. You believe that it is wrong to hate or hurt someone, yet you are unwilling to forgive the person who has harmed you. The best place for forgiveness to start is with parents. Parents need to start teaching their children about forgiveness in a way they can understand at as young an age as possible. The sooner they are exposed to forgiveness, the more likely they are to retain it, even if they don’t fully understand it yet. A perfect way for parents to teach this to their children is through example. Children are very impressionable and want to be just like their parents when they are young. They will imitate what they have seen. The more the parent demonstrates forgiveness, the more likely the child will remember it as they get older. Being a good example is also a good way to prime your child to forgiveness. If they see it all the time, they are more likely to react in a similar fashion. In my opinion, you cannot talk to your children enough. Talk to them about everything, even if you have to take the time to put it into context that they can understand. Answer all their questions as best as you can. Children will remember. Even better, as they age, your child will continue to come to you to talk if you are always open and available to them. Being an example also applies to any other adult in a child’s life that has contact with them; teachers, coaches, relatives, etc. Forgiveness begins at home. It is very easy to think of a time when you needed to forgive someone. A good example is being out somewhere and having some stranger with whom you have contact who is rude, short, or angry with you. It is natural to feel angry at them for lashing out at your for no reason, but you must forgive them all the same. You have no idea what they are going through. You must remember to have compassion and empathy. They could be severely stressed out, or had someone lash out at them for no apparent reason; and since they did not forgive, they continued to harbor and pass along that anger. Do not allow yourself to be a conduit for negative energy. If you forgive them, which doesn’t mean you say it to them, but inwardly, you will be less stressed yourself and happier than if you had held on to something so menial. Another example, though not so insignificant, is that of childhood abuse. This is a topic I can speak on directly. I cannot stress it enough, you CANNOT hold on to your anger at the person who harmed you. The only person you will hurt is yourself (Creates Personal Growth, 2008). If you allow yourself to forgive them, you can start your healing process and be able to move forward with your life (Creates Personal Growth, 2008). You will also be more apt to have healthier relationships in your life. My abuse was of a sexual nature. I forgave the perpetrator many years ago, and thus far I have had no problems in relationships myself. If you, however, chose to not forgive, but harbor that hate, you will forever be a ‘victim’ in life. You will struggle in many things and build negativity in relationships throughout your lifetime (Wilner, 2011). Forgiving is not always easy, but it must be done. Forgiving does not mean forgetting, nor does it mean denying the other person’s responsibility for hurting you or justifying the wrong (Mayo Clinic staff, 2011). You can, however, forgive the person without excusing the act because forgiveness refers to the actor not the act (Orloff, 2011). You must forgive them for their conscious or unconscious suffering that motivates them to act the way they do. Forgiveness can be especially difficult if the person who hurt you doesn’t admit to their wrong or apologize (Mayo Clinic staff, 2011). Unfortunately, forgiving does not always make the person change their actions or behavior, but it does change your life. Forgiving will give you peace, joy, and healing, and remove any power the person who harmed you had over you. Additionally, if you believe in karma or reciprocity, it makes it easier to forgive. Knowing that even though they may still be doing wrong to you or others, but that you have forgiven them, it is no longer in your hands. It is up to the universe to decide how they and you will be rewarded or punished. Today’s society does not bode well for teaching forgiveness. I can personally think of no kids’ TV shows, cartoons, or movies that teach or display forgiveness. Also, the media tends to show bad examples more than good, reporting focuses more on the negative than the positive in most cases. In general, ‘victims’ get more attention than someone who has gone past the wrong and moved on with their life. By being the victim, they have no responsibility to uphold, and if they do chose to forgive, they become responsible for how they carry on afterwards. Forgiveness is considered weak, and justice strong. Everyone knows the old saying â€Å"an eye for an eye† but as well all know, that â€Å"only makes the whole world blind.† And yet, many religions preach the ‘eye for an eye’ view over unconditional love for others and forgiveness. There is also the old quote â€Å"don’t get mad, get even† that many people know. There are so many proverbs like these that come to mind so easily. Ones about forgiveness are much rarer. I would like to conclude with 7 simple steps for forgiveness and a thought. The steps spell out â€Å"forgive† and are easy to remember: Face the facts, Oust the anger, Remember the offenses, Give benefit of the doubt, Imagine what forgiveness feels like, Value the experience, and Embrace forgiveness (Bennett). Now for my thought, God gave us a great example of love and forgiveness when he put dogs on this earth. Dogs are one of the few creatures who know how to love unconditionally. People think they do/can, but they don’t. Dogs will continue to love their owners/masters even if they are neglected, misused, abused, and beaten. It takes a lot for a dog to start to hate their owners. Almost no matter what you do to them, they will still cower at your feet and try to show you how much they love you. I wish people could be more like dogs. â€Å"Scars remind us where we have been, they don’t have to dictate where we are going.† -Author Unknown References Bennett, C. (n.d.). 7 Simple Steps to Forgive Others & Yourself – Mind, Body, & Soul at Exploring Womanhood. Exploring Womanhood. Retrieved April 30, 2012, from http://www.exploringwomanhood.com/mindbodysoul/forgive.htm Creates Personal Growth. (2008, September 11). The Most Important Reason Why You Ought To Forgive | Creates Personal Growth.com. Creates Personal Growth. Retrieved April 30, 2012, from http://www.createspersonalgrowth.com/335/why-you-should-forgive/ Mayo Clinic staff. (2011, November 24). Forgiveness: Letting go of grudges and bitterness – MayoClinic.com. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved May 2, 2012, from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/forgiveness/MH00131 Orloff, J. (2011, September 8). The Power of Forgiveness: Why Revenge Doesn’t Work | Psychology Today. Psychology Today: Health, Help, Happiness + Find a Therapist. Retrieved May 2, 2012, from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/emotional-freedom/201109/the-power-forgiveness-even-911 Wilner, J. (2011, August 21). Why Forgiveness is Major Key in Relationship Success | Adventures in Positive Psychology. Psych Central Blogs. Retrieved May 2, 2012, from http://blogs.psychcentral.com/positive-psychology/2011/08/why-forgiveness-is-major-key-in-relationship-success/

Wordsworth Language vs. Experience

Veronika Abkarian DWC 201 003 20 November 2012 William Wordsworth’s Language vs. Experience William Wordsworth, a major English Romantic poem, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature. This time period consisted of literature that had strong influences on romantic writers. The writers’ attitudes were different to the ordinary previous writers. Seventh and Eighteenth century writings were too difficult for the common person to understand. They were uncommon and had awkward and ornate structures.The following quote, â€Å"I have endeavored utterly to reject them [the formalized expressions of 17th and 18th century poetry] as a mechanical device of style† suggests Wordsworth’s view of the relationship between the language of his writing and the subjects, which are expressed throughout his works. He believes that language structure should not have set number of lines, rhyme schemes, or certain patterns of rhythm. Wordsworth wants to write about incidents and situations that occur in everyday life and describe them in language used by the average person, or a plain and empathic language.In Wordsworth’s belief, literature would no longer be mimetic and reflective but expressive. The readers of his works should use â€Å"gaudiness and inane phraseology†. He believes in making an emphasis of nature, not only physically but also human nature. He looks toward talking about humble and rustic life instead of focusing on royalty or the selfishness of having wealth. He believes that a language arising out of repeated experience and regular feelings is more permanent and more philosophical than that of the poets whom use fancy language to show off their writing style.The principles of Wordsworth pertain to his goal of helping readers understand complex emotional times when they have occurred. The common people are closer to finding the truth, a language closer to real true emotion and experience. Wordsworth feels as tho ugh he must address the sensations that are individual to the person at the time, but also bind us together. The relationship of the language he uses when expressing emotions and experience represent feelings in the spirit of the passions of men and are superior to fancy style writing. He is solely a poet for other men, or humanity.He believes strongly in brotherhood or a common sense of unity among humans. By writing poetry about the common people he emphasized them to be sentimentally equal, which represented his desire for equality amongst all mankind, a typical characteristic in the Romantic age of literature. Wordsworth’s language used in his poetry highlighted much about equality. He did not like to be known as better than those inferior to him. His position as a poet was solely a job to him that placed words full of emotion into the world. No matter lower or upper class, he saw the world as a whole.Hence why he wrote in the common language and to all types of people. I n his preface to â€Å"Lyrical Ballads† he explains that he choses these people because they are â€Å"being less under the influence of social vanity they convey their feelings and notions in simple and unelaborated expressions. † Wordsworth states that most poets’ styles of writing are based on an overflow of feelings; although it is similar for him it is quite different. He believes poetry should be a spontaneous overflow of emotion and that our thoughts are representations of our past feelings.When we reflect on these, we can discover what is truely important to men. One of Wordsworth’s main objectives that is incorporated into his language is aspiring to the ideals of the French Revolution- Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity. The emotion must be reflected in tranquility and looked at from a distance, analyzed with intellect and reason as well as felt with passion. The ultimate goal is to help us understand complex emotions which when they occurred wer e too much for us to articulate. As mentioned above, his poetry carries on themes of liberty, equality, and fraternity.Principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity led Wordsworth and other romantics to romantic claims of nature and imagination. Wordsworth wrote about people, moments, and settings that represent freedom. In Cumberland Beggar, Wordsworth focuses on social classes being blend together. He writes about a beggar, a man of regular stature in society, and how he lives within nature. The beggar is very humble, and the people around him are very generous to him. The beggar is bent over and looks at the ground, this symbolizes a sort of uprising of emotion to the reader.As the beggar meets people he tends to enhance and bring out the goodness of people, which represents moments of humanity. A scene in this poem is when the boy is riding his bike and they share a sense of gentleness. Seeing the man softens the boy, and he soon realizes that he will be ancient one day. The b eggar is poor but rich in experience, gentleness, and wisdom. â€Å"No–man is dear to man; the poorest poor Long for some moments in a weary life When they can know and feel that they have been, Themselves, the fathers and the dealers-out Of some small blessings; have been kind to suchAs needed kindness, for this single cause, That we have all of us one human heart. † Old Cumberland Beggar This represents how Wordsworth’s language exemplifies the celebration of equality and freedom, stating that even the lowest among us have so much to offer. He states that even the poorest man give blessings. The most important message from this quote in his poem is â€Å"That we have all of us one human heart† because it clearly illustrates Wordsworth’s passion of equality and how poetry should erase boundaries between genders, classes, generations, and supremely, between human beings and the natural world.Wordsworth believes that spending time in nature is a gif t. This is from past experiences of his time spent in nature. In his future he keeps this in mind while he is alone, tired, and frustrated in a busy city. The beauty of his past experiences of nature will help him overcome his obstacles he is faced with in the future. When the beggar dies he is reunified in nature. Although he is alone, he is resting in peace on the green grassy field. Wordsworth’s use of the words raven, ostrich, clouds, sea-horse, and torrents in his poem, The Wandering Jew are examples of imagination and nature.In Tintern Abbey, the poet visits a church that he attended five years prior. In the poem he measures the differences, which in turn promotes universal thoughts. One who reads this poem is most likely to experience an emotional response to memories. Wordsworth is enjoying the memories but at the same time dealing with a sense of loss. As this is happening, the reader is deeply inside of their selves, trying to figure out the emotions of what they ha ve gained/lost. Wordsworth is sad because it is obvious that he cannot get the time or memories back.As a whole, we have all experienced this, which binds us all together and makes us equal. Wordsworth is recognized to be one of the most influential poets due to his poetry standing so apart from that of his ancestors. Romantics will celebrate the subject the individual, each has an imagination but each ones’ imagination leads us to different visions. There is emphasis on spiritual awareness, which is accessible to everyone. Our emotions serve as loss and sadness from an earlier stage in our life. Wordsworth’s views on his language and subject matter helped structure the face of modern-day poetry.

Bill Clinton the life the legacy essays

Bill Clinton the life the legacy essays President Bill Clinton inherited America at its worst and do you know what he did with it? He whipped this country back into shape and got us on the road to social and economic prosperity. In just one year he was able to drop the countries unemployment rate from 7.4% down to 4.0%. That was the largest drop in Americas history since World War II. Also he was one of the first presidents after Nixon to really make an effort to open up trade relations with the Republic of China. Clinton was the first president to use the MTV media as I call it. It is a way to connect to youth across America on their level so they can ask the questions that matter to them. Through out scandals and good times he did what needed to be done in this country to keep it moving forward, that is a true leader. Bill Clinton was the best president since John F Kennedy for many reasons, but mostly for his ability to balance the economy, his work in foreign policy, how he related to the youth of America, a nd finally his ability to stay cool under pressure. In 1993 when President Clinton came into office he inherited one of the worst economies America has ever had. Thanks to raganomics and twelve years of creating less than 175,000 jobs a month can do that to a country. Clinton came in and with in one year raised that level up to 248,000 new jobs a month, The largest change in the job front since the depression. Not only were jobs created, but he gave money back to the middle class, the people who actually benefit from tax returns. This was a change from the Bush and Regan economies, which used trickle down economics. In this economy the top ten percent get most of the tax money back because they supposedly spend more. It has been shown that, the idea doesnt work. The middle class takes their tax returns and spend it back into the U.S. econ ...

Hedda Gabbler Quotes

'Hedda Gabbler' Quotes Herink Ibsen is one of Norways greatest playwrights. Hes referred to as the father of realism  which is the theatrical practice of making shows seem more life everyday life. Ibsen had a great talent for portraying the drama inherent in seemingly everyday lives. Many of his plays dealt with issues of morality which made them quite scandalous  at the time they were written. Ibsen was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature three years in a row.   Feminism in Ibsens Plays Ibsen is probably best known for him feminist play  A Dolls House  but feminist themes occur in much of his work. At the time female characters were generally written as side characters of little importance. When they did play major roles they rarely dealt with the difficulties of being a woman in a society that allowed them very few opportunities or choices. Hedda Gabler is one of Ibsens more  memorable heroines for that reason. The play is a brilliant portrayal of female neurosis. Heddas choices in the play  dont seem to make sense until one considers how little control she has over her own life. Hedda is desperate to have power over something, even if it is another persons life. Even the title of the show can be given a feminist  interpretation. Heddas last name in the show is  Tesman, but by naming the show after Heddas maiden name it implies she is more her own woman than the other characters realize.   Summary of Hedda Gabler   Hedda Tesman and her husband George have returned from a long honeymoon. In their new home, Hedda finds herself bored with her options and company. Upon their arrival, George realizes his academic rival  Eilert as begun working on a manuscript again. George doesnt realize that his wife and former rivals are former lovers. The manuscript could put Georges future position in jeopardy and would secure Eilerts future. After a night out, George finds Eilerts manuscript which hes lost while drinking. Hedda rather than tell Eilert that the manuscript has been found convinces him to kill himself. After learning his suicide was not the clean death she imagined she takes her own life. Quotes From Hedda Gabler These impulses come over me all of a sudden, and I just cant resist them. - Hedda, Act 2Our common lust for life. - Là ¶vborg, Act 2Oh courage...oh yes! If only one had that...Then life might be livable, in spite of everything. - Hedda, Act 2But hell come...With vine leaves in his hair. Flushed and confident. - Hedda, Act 2Everything I touch seems destined to turn into something mean and farcical. - Hedda, Act 4But, good God! People dont do such things. - Hedda, Act 4

Genital Warts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Genital Warts - Essay Example Being a sexually transmitted disease, the risk factors in venereal warts is directly related to the sexual lifestyle of a person. Genital warts are most prevalent in persons who practices unprotected sex with multiple sex partners. Others include "having has another sexually transmitted disease, having sex with a partner who has an unknown sexual history, and becoming sexually active at a young age (Genital Warts 2007)." Treatment of genital warts should always be undertaken by a physician with this expertise. Over the counter medications used to treat common warts are not suitable for the moist tissues in the genital area. The treatment of genital warts includes medical prescriptions and surgery. Some of the chemicals which are directly applied onto the skin are: imiquimod which boost the body's immune system to fight the warts, podofilox which destroys the genital warts' tissues, and trichloroacetic acid which burns off genital warts. Surgery is often the best option if larger warts are to be removed that they do not respond to medications or if the infected person is pregnant which exposes the baby to risk of infection during delivery.

Response to the Book George Orwell's 1984 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response to the Book George Orwell's 1984 - Essay Example It is discovered that the process injected and agitated with the poison of perpetual war, pervasive government surveillance, and incessant public mind control. Words such as "Freedom is Slavery, War is Peace, Ignorance is Strength" are a few of the tactics used to control the minds of its individuals and stomp out any free thinkers and open mindedness. The Citizens of Ocianian, conditioned at birth to be subordinates to a tyrant state stripping the essence of individualism and causing existing persons to pick their way through an ambiguous and meaningless existence. At the heart of this unforgiving novel, the reader discovers a protagonist character that emerges, Winston Smith. Working for the "Ministry of truth" Winston finds himself perpetuating a lie, pumping propaganda and controlling the flow of historical papers and at various times erasing the existence of people identified as" un persons," throwing them down the memory hole. Winston job is to revise the Parties history, water ing down ideals and truth so the dominate strain of the Party is not affected in any way, always on top and never wrong for the choices it makes. Inwardly, Winston struggles with the absurdity of these existential tasks and he find himself profoundly torn with a fundamental universalism; choice.

Creg Seager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Creg Seager - Essay Example As the discussion stresses  Creg Seager is brought about as a contemporary Christian as he has done great things with his skills as a nurse. He travels to different countries preaching the word to the needy and providing medical services. Creg Seager takes the responsibility of helping in bringing glory to God. It means that the Creg Seager takes the jurisdiction of conducting and giving instructions and acting as an example of the best ways of praising and worshipping God.This paper highlights that  Creg Seager demonstrates that time is important resource that cannot be reversed if put into bad use at any cost that makes it vital. In any organization time is the key factor determining what is to be done at what time and what achievements are to be in place before or after a specific time.   Time management helps achieve specific achievements within a given period. A manager should have good management skills to ensure that there is consistency within the organization. An effec t leader delegates staff into doing specific duties within a given time frame. It helps in identifying priorities, avoiding multitasking and reducing disruptions. To demonstrate this, when a leader has good time management skills, he/she can divide tasks among the employees, accomplish certain priorities first and gives ample time for every activity. Creg has proven to be an efficient time manager by performing different tasks at specific time. This is brought about by the location of adequate time to visits in different countries.

The Special Properties Of Concrete Construction Essay

The Special Properties Of Concrete Construction Essay Admixtures are used to give special properties to fresh or hardened concrete. Admixtures may enhance the durability, workability and characteristics of a given concrete mixture. Admixtures are used to overcome difficult construction situations, such as hot or cold weather placements, pumping requirements. The use of admixtures to increase the workability or to accelerate the hardening of the concrete will be permitted when approved by the Engineer. Admixture dosages shall result in the mixture meeting the specified plastic and hardened properties. The major reasons for using admixtures are 1. To reduce the cost of concrete construction. 2. To achieve certain properties in concrete more effectively than by other means. 3. To maintain the quality of concrete during the stages of mixing, transporting, placing, and curing in adverse weather conditions. 4. To overcome certain emergencies during concreting operations. CHAPTER 2 Set Retarding Admixtures Set retarding admixtures are water soluble chemicals that have little or no other effect than to delay the setting of the cement. They do not plasticize significantly and have little or no effect on the water demand or other properties of the concrete. Set retarding water-reducing admixtures not only delay the setting of the cement but are also efficient in plasticizing concrete or reducing its water demand. Most commercially available retarders are of this type. Retarding water-reducers and retarding high range water reducers are used to: Give workability retention to the concrete Delay the setting time of concrete Prevent the formation of cold joints Increase initial workability Increase ultimate strength Produce economies in mix designs Materials Used The main types of chemical used for retarding admixtures are: Sucrose and other polysaccharides Citric acid Tartaric acid Salts of boric acid Salts of phosphoric, poly-phosphoric and phosphonic acids. The main types of chemical used for retarding water reducing admixtures are: Hydroxy carboxylic acid salts Hydroxylated polymers Lignosulphonic acid salts These may be also be used in conjunction with sulphonated naphthalene/melamine-formaldehyde condensates or polycarboxylates to produce retarding high range water reducing admixtures. The retarder molecule chemically adsorbs onto the cement particle in a mechanism similar to that described for water reducers. The main difference is the strength of the chemical bond that is formed. This strongly links the retarder molecule onto the cement surface, blocking and slowing down the rate of initial water penetration into the cement. Retarder molecules also chelate calcium ions in solution, slowing the crystallization of portlandite. These two mechanisms slow the growth of hydration products, delaying the stiffening and setting of the cement but once initial hydration starts, the retarder molecules are swamped and normal hydration proceeds. Uses 5.1 Admixture Selection Where predictable set retardation is required, a retarding admixture is the best choice. Where set needs to be continually amended, a graph of dosage rate versus setting time can be determined for a given mix, at a given temperature. For phosphate based products, the retardation time graph may often be linear, and this is a major advantage for this type of retarder. Sucrose and other polysaccharides are more efficient, but a dosage versus setting time graph may often be exponential, making accurate prediction more difficult. These types are often blended with lignosulphonate to produce cost effective, retarding/water reducing admixtures. Hydroxy carboxylic acid salts will often reduce cohesion in the mix potentially enhancing bleed and segregation. Polysaccharides, especially if blended with a lignosulphonate, tend to stabilise some air and may enhance cohesion.The choice between the different types of retarding water reducing admixtures is often determined by other properties such as mix cohesion. Selection may therefore be based on the particular mix characteristics of the concrete. 5.2 Dosage Retarding admixtures based on phosphates and phosphonates are designed to have a linear effect of dosage upon setting time. The dosage rate used may be quite high, as they do not have any effect other than retardation. Depending on the molecule chosen, typical dosages are 0.1% to 3.0% by weight of cement to yield a delay of set of 1 hour to 35 hours. Retarding admixtures based on sucrose and other similar polysaccharides are very powerful, and their retarding effects are rarely linear so that small increases on the intended dosage can lead to large increases in retardation. They are very cost effective, but are more difficult to control than the higher dosage phosphate based types. Typical dosages are 0.1% to 1.5% by weight of cement to yield a delay of set of 3 hours to 50 hours. Retarding water reducing admixtures are very commonly used at a low dose, typically 0.2% by weight of cement, to reduce the water content of the concrete by 7 to 10% with only a small delay in setting. They can be used at higher dosages; typically 0.3 to 0.6% to reduce water content, but simultaneously to delay the setting time. Greater water reductions may be achieved by using retarding high range water reducers, generally at 0.5 to 1.5% dose, depending on the type. Retarders are quite sensitive to temperature. At low temperatures retardation will be further extended. At very high temperatures, the converse is true and it may be difficult to achieve the required workability retention and extension of stiffening time. 5.3 Cement type Retarding admixtures and water reducing retarding admixtures can be used with all types of Portland cement, including all those covered by EN197-1. However, it is very important to note that their effectiveness in terms of retardation of set is very dependent upon the type of cement. Cements such as CEM1 require the highest level of retarder to achieve a given level of retardation. However, as the proportion of slag or pulverised fuel ash, as used in CEM 2 and CEM3 types increases, then the level of retarder will decrease in order to achieve a given level of retardation. The chemistry of the cement is also important in determining the effect of retarders. Cements low in tricalcium aluminate (C3A) require significantly less retarder for a given degree of retardation than normal cements. 5.4 Yield Retarding admixtures do not have any significant effect upon the yield of concrete. Retarding water reducing admixtures, when used to reduce the water content of concrete, will reduce the yield in direct proportion to the water reduction made. This needs to be taken into account when modifying the mix design. 5.5 Overdosing The level of retardation achieved is related to the dosage used. Any overdose will result in an increase in setting time. Large overdoses of retarders can produce very long setting times and even small overdoses can have this effect if the initial dose is high. Provided the overdose is no more than double that which was intended, and the concrete is well cured to prevent it from desiccation, accidentally retarded concrete will normally set and recover strength within two to three days. Where a dosage range is given, the normal dose should be taken as the bottom of the range. Where very large, accidental overdoses occur or where large overdoses of a water reducing retarders have been used without a correspondingly large water reduction, the concrete may not recover its strength in a reasonable time. As a general rule, if concrete contains an overdose of a retarding admixture and has not set hard in 5 days, then it may not gain useful mechanical strength within a reasonable time. Effects upon properties of concrete 6.1 Strength As with water reducing admixtures, ultimate strength gain is increased with increasing water reduction Retardation of set allows the slower formation of a more ordered, smaller, denser cementitous matrix. This has the effect of increasing ultimate strength relative to an unretarded mix with the same water cement ratio. Acceleration of strength by heat produces the opposite effect, with the rapid formation of a coarse matrix. This explains why steam cured precast concrete rarely produces the same ultimate strength as concrete cured at normal temperatures and produced from the same concrete. 6.2 Workability Retarding admixtures do not have a significant effect upon initial workability. However, they generally have a beneficial effect upon workability retention, particularly at elevated temperature. Retarding water reducing admixtures, have a pronounced effect upon workability. Typically, an increase in slump of 60-100mm results from the addition of a dosage of 0.25% by weight cement. Set retarding high range water reducing/plasticizing admixtures may be used to enable workability to be increased to a greater extent, at a typical dosage level of 0.3 to 1.0%. 6.3 Slump loss Retarding admixtures are useful for helping to reduce slump loss, particularly at elevated temperature but it is still important to have a high initial workability. Retarding water reducing admixtures are very effective at reducing slump loss when used to increase the initial workability of the mix, but less so when used as a water reducer. Indeed, if water reduction is taken at the expense of high initial workability, initial slump loss may be slightly faster and will slow when about half the initial slump is reached. 6.4 Setting time The prime function of a retarder is to extend the setting (stiffening) time of concrete, usually in order to prevent the formation of cold joints between deliveries of concrete. Even if workability has fallen to almost zero slump, fresh concrete can be vibrated into, and will bond with, a preceding, older pour. In hot weather, even a small delay in deliveries or a short breakdown of the pump can result in the first concrete pours setting before subsequent pours can be placed and vibrated to form a monolithic joint. In deep pours, if concrete placed early starts to set, the heat generated can cause faster setting of concrete above it and again lead to cold joints. In this situation, retarder dosage can be progressively reduced as the pour proceeds. 6.5 Air entrainment Retarding admixtures do not normally entrain air, and some types, especially those based on hydroxycarboxylic acid, may actually reduce air content. This may cause these retarded mixes to feel harsher and have more tendency to bleed. Most types of retarder can be used effectively in combination with an air entraining agent. 6.6 Bleeding The total volume of bleed water arising from concrete is often related to its setting time because once setting starts, bleeding stops. Thus retarded concretes are always more prone to bleed. Any reduction in air tends to aggravate this potential problem. The plasticising component of a retarding water reducing admixture may help to offset this effect and some types are formulated to slightly air entrain in order to reduce bleed. 6.7 Heat of hydration Retarding admixtures do not reduce the heat output of concrete but do serve to delay the time of peak temperature rise by exactly the same time interval by which it was retarded. In small sections this may allow slightly more heat dissipation and so peak temperature may be a little lower. In thick sections there will be no reduction in peak temperature and there is evidence that the peak temperature may even be increased slightly. 6.8 Volume deformation Creep and drying shrinkage are not significantly affected by the inclusion of retarding admixtures. If the concrete is water reduced by the use of a retarding water reducing admixture, then drying shrinkage will be reduced. 6.9 Durability Provided that the concrete is correctly cured, then retarded concrete should be stronger and just as durable as equivalent plain concrete. However, because of the extended plastic stage, more attention needs to be paid to protecting the concrete before it sets. Retarded water reduced concrete will have a lower water content than the equivalent plain concrete, and will be correspondingly more durable. MECHENISM OF RETARDING ADMIXTURES Retarding admixture is an admixture that retards the setting of concrete. A retarding admixture causes cement set retardation by one or more offollowing mechanisms: (1) Adsorption of the retarding compound on the surface of cement particles, forming a protective skin which slows down hydration; (2) Adsorption of the retarding compound on to nuclei of calcium hydroxide, poisoning their growth, which is essential for continued hydration of cement after the end of induction period; (3) Formation of complexes with calcium ions in solution, increasing their solubility and discouraging the formation of the nuclei of calciumhydroxide . (4) Precipitation around cement particles of insoluble derivatives of the retarding compounds formed by reaction with the highly alkaline aqueous solution, forming a protective skin . Detailed Explanation According to the first mechanism, a retarding admixture is adsorbed on the surface of cement particles. This layer of retarding admixture around the cement particles acts as a diffusion barrier. Due to this diffusion barrier, it becomes difficult for the water molecules to reach the surface of the unhydrated cement grains and hence the hydration slows down, and the dormant period (period of relatively inactivity) is lengthened. Due to the slow hydration, no considerable amount of the hydration products giving rigidity to the cement paste will be formed and thus the paste remains plastic for a longer time. Later, when the admixture is removed from solution by reaction with C3A from cement or by some other way it is removed and incorporated into the hydrated material, further hydration is eliminated. On first contact of water with cement grains (C3S and C2S) calcium ions and hydroxyl ions are rapidly released from the surface of the cement grains. When concentration of these ions reach es a critical value (at which the solution becomes saturated), the hydration products calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate hydrate start to crystallize from the solution and then hydration proceeds rapidly. According to the second mechanism, a retarding admixture incorporated into cement paste is adsorbed on the calcium hydroxide nuclei and prevents its growth until some level of super saturation is reached during the induction period of hydration. Thus, retarder lengthens the induction period by causing an increase in the level of calcium hydroxide super saturation before crystallization begins. This is analogous to the poisoning of crystal growth of calcium hydroxide by the retarding admixture as both calcium and hydroxyl ions are present in the solution but unable to precipitate as a result of poisoning of the calcium hydroxide nuclei. According to the third mechanism, a retarding admixture incorporated into cement paste forms some kind of complexes with calcium ions released by the cement grains during the first few minutes. Formation of the complexes increase the solubility of cement, i.e., increased concentration of Ca2+, OH, Si, Al and Fe in the aqueous phase of the cement pastes will occur when hydrated in the presence of the retarding admixture. Thus the calcium ions and hydroxyl ions will accumulate in solution and will be unable to precipitate to form calcium hydroxide. For example, when ordinary Portland cement is hydrated in sucrose solution, lime is solubilised and a sucrose calcium complex (R -O à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ca+ -OH) is formed in which Ca+ -OH group is attached to the five membered ring (R) of the sucrose molecule. Such sucroseà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬calcium complex will be able to become absorbed on the growing calcium hydroxide nucleus. The adsorption of the complex on the calcium hydroxide nucleu s will inhibit its growth as the calcium and hydroxyl ions will not be able to precipitate. In this way, hydration is retarded. The fourth mechanism is similar to the first but here some kind of insoluble derivatives of retarder are formed by reaction with the highly alkaline solution as pH of the solution rises to over 12 within few minutes after first contact of water with cement. For example, inorganic salt admixtures (borates, phosphates, zinc and lead salts etc.) give insoluble hydroxides in alkaline solution. The cement hydration is suppressed through the precipitation of protective coatings of these insoluble derivatives around the cement grains.